Ground-based astronomy refers to the practice of observing and studying celestial objects and phenomena from telescopes and observatories located on Earth's surface, as opposed to space-based observatories. Ground-based astronomers use a variety of instruments, such as optical telescopes, radio telescopes, and interferometers, to collect data and study a wide range of astronomical objects including stars, galaxies, planetary systems, and more. Ground-based astronomy allows for high-resolution observations, long-term monitoring of objects, and is often more cost-effective than space-based observations. Ground-based astronomy plays a crucial role in advancing our understanding of the universe and continues to make significant contributions to the field of astronomy.